Recognize the Principles of the Judiciary

Recognize the Principles of the Judiciary Although the principles of judiciary demand the judicial process to follow due legal processes to the letter, legal crises do occur in some instances. Legal conflict arises when inconsistencies emerge between the constitution and the general laws.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Recognize the Principles of the Judiciary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A classical example is the Marbury v. Madison case of the United States in which a legal conflict arose due to the inconsistency of the United States constitution with the Judiciary Act. According to this case, â€Å"William Marbury petitioned the Supreme Court to compel James Madison, Secretary of State to effect his appointment as a commissioner of Justice for Peace in Columbia District but John Marshall, Chief Justice denied the petition as he termed it unconstitutional† (Reisman, 2007, p. 3). This became a landmark ruling since the Supreme Court, for the fir st time in the United States history, declared an Act to be unconstitutional. In this ruling, John Marshal realized that there was legal conflict between the constitution and the Judicial Act, and the only way to conduct constitutional review was through the Supreme Court. The Marbury v. Madison ruling coupled with some clauses in Article III authorizes the Supreme Court to carry out judicial review. The Article III of the United States constitution states that, In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a state shall be party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction†¦in all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction (Stone, 2007, p. 35). Therefore, the United States constitution gives the powers to the Supreme Court to exercise judicial review in cases where legal conflict arises.   The prime function of the Supreme Court in judicial review is to protect the constitution and ensure that all statutes are consistent with the constitution. The constitutions of England and Netherland do not give powers to their Supreme Courts to exercise judicial review on the constitutionality of statues and treaties, because legislators have the mandate of ensuring that they only pass constitutional acts. In cases of constitutional dispute concerning â€Å"†¦the right interpretation of a law or a treaty in accordance with the constitution †¦ the judge cannot have supremacy over the legislator, because the question of constitutionality of an act is more political than technical-judicial (Huq, 2008, p. 32). Halsema proposal seeks to have the Supreme Court assume the jurisdiction to check constitutionality of statutes and treaties. The approval of the Halsema proposal means that the parliament and the government will have to share their mandate of constitutional review with the judiciary, hence judicial review.Advertising Looking for essay on political sc iences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Most Americans accept judicial review even though it is not explicit in the constitution because it has provided means of checking constitutionality of statutes. Statistics shows that, in the two hundred years of judicial review 175 federal laws and 1006 state laws were declared unconstitutional (1789-2004) (Whittington, 2009, p. 12). This means that if there was no judicial review, the courts could still be grappling with over 1000 legal conflicts, which slows down the wheels of justice. The landmark ruling of the Marbury v. Madison case set precedent on ways of solving legal conflicts that emerge quite often due to the inconsistencies of the statutes with the constitution. Despite the fact that judicial review has helped to speed up the due process of the law, Thomas Jefferson criticized it saying that, to consider judges as the ultimate arbiters of all constitutional questions is a very dangerous doctrine indeed, and one which would place us under the despotism of an oligarchy (Reisman, 2007, p. 8). Jefferson argues that judges are common people with same passions and interests that might lead them to make compromised judicial reviews to attain their desired ends. I agree with Jefferson argument that it is quite dangerous to give constitutional review powers to the judiciary since too much power corrupts ultimately. To counter the dangers associated with excessive judicial review powers, the parliament should provide provisions that limit the autonomy of the judicial review process. References Huq, A. (2008). Constitutional Courts and Judicial Review. Center on International Cooperation, 4(12), 31-34. Reisman, D. (2007). The Supreme Court. New York Life Journal, 15(32), 1-12. Stone, G. (2005). Constitutional Law. New York: Aspen Publishers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Recognize the Principles of the Judiciary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Whittington, K. (2009). The Theories of Judicial Review. Spring Journal, 20(1), 1-18.

When Content Mills Give You Lemons, Make Lemonade That Pays

When Content Mills Give You Lemons, Make Lemonade That Pays A few years ago, I found myself in a bind. I graduated with my MPS in Publishing and had big plans of earning a full-time income from some sort of writing and publishing. As a single mother who has worked from home for over a decade, returning to the traditional workforce was not an option. I had no It wasn’t long before my search for a writing opportunity led me to  Crowd Content. As far as content mills go, it seemed to be midlevel. I created a writer profile, took a skill level test and started claiming jobs. The general rules are that a writer may accept four jobs at a time, the deadlines are ridiculously tight and inflexible, and gaining â€Å"favorite† status from clients is important. If a deadline is missed or a client complains, the writer is demoted. I quickly accepted jobs of all kinds. I wrote product descriptions for online vape stores, press releases for Las Vegas lingerie parties, and fin tech and legal blog posts. I wrote until 1AM and woke up at 5AM to write some more. Meeting the insane deadlines was an act of futility. But, my skill level was â€Å"4 Star† and I was earning 6 to 7 cents per word, so it added up. After a couple of months, I was consistently making $1800/month. Not a full-time salary, but a start. It didn’t take me long to figure out that even if I worked for eight full hours each day, I would never make more than $3,000/month and that fell remarkably short of my goal. I would have to work smarter, not harder. So, here is what I did: 1. Identify the Big Fish A few of my content mill clients stood out and with a bit of research, I had a list of seven clients that I would love to work for outside of the content mill. 2. Focus on Relationships Content mills desperately try to limit contact between writers and clients to preserve their profitable workflow. I worked within their system to build strong relationships based on reliability and high quality work with my seven clients. These clients expressed frustration with the rigidity of the platform and so we had that in common. 3. Pitch With some research, I contacted my list of seven through either email or social media. (If the content mill knows that you are usurping their platform, they will ban you, so make sure that you are prepared.) My pitch looked something like this: â€Å"I have been writing for your company for a few months. I plan to leave Crowd Content because of the inflexibility of their platform, but would like to continue writing for your company. I am guessing that you pay 12 to 15 cents per word for my blog posts. If you are interested in hiring me outside of Crowd Content, pricing will only be 10 cents per word for future blog posts.† Five of the seven clients replied and hired me outside of Crowd Content. They are now paying less, and I am making more in fewer hours. I complete complex projects that were not supported

Digital signatures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Digital signatures - Essay Example Moreover, the cases of e-commerce crimes are rising day by day. In this scenario, it becomes necessary for the organizations to take some effective steps to uphold the security of their e-commerce activities. Thus, digital signature is a suitable technique for saving customers from identity theft and various others frauds. This report presents a detailed analysis of digital signature. The aim of this research is to analyze the role of digital signature in forming e-commerce security. Business sector is by no means an exemption to internet mania. Since, with the passage of time, the online business is turning out to be an exhortation. The online business means that people can purchase and pay from home and even while sitting in their bedroom through an internet equipped PC or laptop. The global wave of information technologies (ITs) development and implementation has turned out to be a driving force in approximately every part of human job. In this scenario, the internet that is a main element of this global wave has been transformed into a double-edged weapon providing a lot of opportunities, facilities, tools, and capabilities to individuals and corporations, on the other hand as well bringing with it a considerably increased information security and privacy risks (Salifu, 2008). As the electronic methods of business expands rapidly throughout the world, security and integrity concerns turn out to be sensitive. Moreover, at the present, the customer satisfactio n and trust in internet transactions and the security measures implemented by online businesses are considered to be insignificant and perhaps the main limit in the acceptance of internet business practices (Dandapani, 2008). Electronic commerce or e-commerce refers to conducting both internal and external business activities over the internet, intranets, and extranets. In addition, e-commerce consists

Analysis of the attempted merger of AT&T and T- Mobile Research Paper

Analysis of the attempted merger of AT&T and T- Mobile - Research Paper Example Both the organizations contended that the proposed merger lacks the capability to affect the wireless service competition. They stated that other wireless service providers can easily replace the competition lost because of merger and the merger would dwarf the effects of anti-competition. AT&T hoped to buy T-mobile from Deutsche Telecom with the deal amounting to 39 billion dollars. With the effect of the deal AT&T became the largest mobile phone service provider in United States as the deal came with more than 33 million subscribers. If the deal would have been accepted AT&T would have enjoyed a market share of 43% widening the gap with the competitors further (Communications Workers of America, 2011). Research questions Whether the attempted merger between AT&T and T-mobile good or not. Literature Review and Analysis Some researchers posed the thought that the merger would contribute to enhance the market power. The wireless market as well as the post paid market is highly concent rated at the national level using the brink of guidelines of Horizontal Merger. The concentration falls in the range where DOJ and FTC conclude. The guidelines provide that concentration and market shares are measured on revenue basis. The revenues are attributable to the facilities based carriers in the wireless market. Using Herfindahl-Hirschman index they showed that the approach will contribute to enhance market power. It was found that T-mobile continued to be the significant competitor within the market structure (The New York Times. 2011). The other competitors did not have the capability to deal with the slack that resulted from the elimination of T-mobile from the framework of competition. The efficiency claims of AT&T were overstated and the efficiencies resulted from the merger was not good enough to overcome the effects of anti-competition. It was also found that the merger was likely to increase the competitive disadvantages for the other players in the market (Besen, K letter, Moresi, Salop and Woodbury, 2012). The costs got higher while the quality standard got reduced. The effect was also felt on roaming services by limiting the access of the players on leading edge handsets. The competitive significance of the players would have suffered and would have led to recreation of wireless duopoly. The prices of wireless services fell and reversion to effective duopoly would reverse the gains from wireless competition. The merging companies were not offering differentiated products at different local prices on the basis of local conditions of competition. Therefore it was necessary to evaluate the competitive effects of national market as well as the separate conditions in different local markets (The Centre of Media Justice, 2012). If concerns are found at the national level then it would not be possible for the concerns to take care of the localized markets. At one time the Guidelines of merger stated that only small antitrust markets would be analyz ed but the approach is ignored by antitrust agencies policies. If the deal would have really taken place the consumers would have been harmed by two waves. The current customers of T-mobile will now have to opt for AT&T’s expensive phones and data plans rather than the value priced smart phones and cheap data plans. The main aim of AT&T in the merger was to create a

Teenage and Fashion Essay Example for Free

Teenage and Fashion Essay Statement: For teenagers, fashion is first and foremost a social statement. It is an outward means of expression to their peers and the rest of the world. Identity: Fashion also provides teenagers a sense of identity by signaling which grouping they belong to (prep, punk, goth, etc. ). It may also signal a more independent or inclusive personality. Attraction: Teens can be extremely conscious about overall image when it comes to sexual attraction. They will often exploit fashion as a means to attract a certain type of person. Rebellion: Rebellion may also be acted out via fashion. Since rebellion is often a huge aspect of a teenagers life, it is not shocking that teens often use licentious or shocking fashion to rebel against their parents, their classmates, and/or society. Peer Pressure: Many teens pick up on fashion trends in an effort to stave off humiliation and mocking from peers. Poor fashion choices in the eyes of others can often be an open door to ridicule. Celebrities: Often, fashion for teenagers is the result of the desire to be like a celebrity. Celebrities are perhaps the greatest influences on teenagers in the modern world, and they can have a huge impact on a teens ideas about fashion and its importance. In our society, there are many issues that affect teens. Fashion is something that teens use to fit in which makes them struggle in their everyday life. Teens find brands to be something that will make them look â€Å"classy† as many teens say today at school. Teisha-Vonique Hood from SMU stated that when people associate themselves with a particular brand or branded image, they immediately assume a new identity that is in some sense, confined to the societal points of that brand. They classify themselves through the brands they wear and it makes them feel like they fit in. There is always that new shirt or those new jeans or just some new trend that happens to begin. Teens may feel like if they don’t have the latest brands, they aren’t worthy or not able to fit in and be themselves. Also, teens find themselves to be a little under-confident or intimidated by other people in their school. Ehow contributor, Ashton Pittman said that many teens pick up on fashion trends in an effort to stave off humiliation and mocking from peers. The majority of teens in high school have a fear of getting bullied or excluded. They use fashion to hide their fear and to feel more confident on who they are, or who they are trying to be. Their attitude towards fashion and the way society shows it to be can change a lot of teens’ opinions. Stated in SMU study, as a result of this need for peer acceptance, teenagers are receptive to characteristics such as character, personality, etc. Since a lot of teens try to find their identity through high school and fashion, it can ultimately change not only their personality, but their character towards other people and family. Tying into this, celebrities are a big impact on teen fashion. Ashton Pittman also states that often, fashion for teenagers is the result of the desire to be like a celebrity. Teens look at celebrities and say â€Å"Oh well if they can wear that, then why can’t I† and most of the time they end up giving the wrong idea to their friends and people around them. Have you ever tried to dress some way so that others accept you? A lot of teens don’t realize that this is an issue on their everyday life because they are so caught up with trying to fit in. Just because other teens have the latest brand and you don’t, doesn’t mean that you aren’t unique.

Gender Stereotypes and Toys Essay -- Gender Roles in Society

Often when a couple becomes pregnant and finds out the sex of the infant, stereotypes begin to form. If the child is female, their room will often be painted pink with cutesy borders. The crib will have pink blankets with ruffles on them. The baby girl will be presented with soft toys and cute stuffed animals, as well as perhaps a baby doll or two. At the baby shower, the mother will typically be presented with pink and purple clothing, the colors of choice for a female child. When the baby finally comes along, she will typically be treated as a gentle princess. When it comes to girls, adults are often more careful, as if the baby girl will break. On the other hand, if the couple is having a male child, the room will be painted blue or green with borders usually depicting superheroes or sports oriented paraphernalia. Though the boy may receive stuffed animals, they are typically of a more ferocious nature than the stuffed animals a girl might receive. The blankets are usually blue or another color associated with little boys. Perhaps one of the boy’s first gifts will be a tiny little catcher’s mitt, or something else sports related. At the baby shower, the mother will receive blue and green clothes. Family and friends are more likely to take a little boy to a sporting event than their female counterpart. Clearly, from the moment a child is brought into this world, they are pushed toward a certain stereotype. Now, the real question is – Are boys naturally more aggressive due to higher testosterone levels, or is it more culturally defined, by the way we treat our children and the gifts we bestow upon them? As mentioned in Human Development – A Lifespan View, â€Å"Children don’t live in a gender-neutral world for long. Althou... ... boys, who – away from the battle zone of their friends and brothers – turn out to be surprisingly cuddly and clingy? (Blum, 238)† Not every male or female is going to fit the mold, if there really even is one. The stereotypes stated above created by society and parents are most often useless in truly predicting a child’s choice of play and toys. Kids are going to gravitate toward what they enjoy. Even the author Deborah Blum states â€Å"I don’t think in pastels, myself. I think jungle-green, blood-red. (Blum, 236)† Stereotypes give us something to group people by, but we cannot always judge a person by them. Works Cited Blum, Deborah. â€Å"The Gender Blur: Where Does Biology End and Society Take Over?† Signs of Life in the USA: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers. 6th Edition. Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2009. 573-580. Print.

Readers of his detective stories Essay

Readers of the Sherlock Holmes stories are captured by the excitement which is produced when Holmes and Watson foil the evil masterminded plans of criminals. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle creates all this excitements by using Holmes’ and Dr Watson’s expertise in their field, as this is typical in the detective genre. An obvious place to start looking for this excitement is reading â€Å"Case of Identity†. Excitement in this story is used to keep the reader interested. The excitement is created by Mary Sutherland getting such a large amount of money being left her as inheritance as that was a lot of money in the time that Conan Doyle wrote the story. The amount of money Miss Mary Sutherland gets from her inheritance left to her by her Uncle Ned is i 2,500 but she can only touch the interest which stands at four and a half percent a year, â€Å"so large a sum as a hundred a year. † This was a lot of money in the Victorian times for a single person this creates excitement as very few people had that amount of income without doing anything. Conan Doyle uses a strange happening to create excitement as the reader starts to think about the possibilities about what has happened a good example of this is when Miss Sutherlands fianci Mr Hosmer Angel disappears from the cab on the day of the wedding, â€Å"we waited for him to step out, but he never did. † It is not possible for a man to disappear from the face of the earth when people saw him get into the cab. This creates excitements for the reader as they start to guess what has happened to Mr Angel. Clues play the biggest part in the excitement in this story as the reader is able to figure out the culprit as the clues only point to one person, Mr Angel does not have an address as he sleeps on the premises of his work, the address of Mr Angels place of work is also unknown apart from the fact that it is in â€Å"Leadenhall street†. This meant all his letters were sent to the Leadenhall post office â€Å"he slept on the premises† this is strange as he has no where to live and he doesn’t want the letters to be sent to him at work. This excites the reader as the reader has to think about why he doesn’t want her to know where he lives. The way the characters act are a good example of how Conan Doyle creates excitement as Mr Hosmer Angel is a very shy man who does not want to be seen as he wears dark glasses and he talks on a very soft voice, â€Å"he would rather walk with me in the evening. † This is because Mr Angel does not want to be seen with Miss Sutherland so this creates excitement as the reader gets the feeling that there is something not quite right with Mr Angel and that he is secretive about some thing this will start to make the reader excited as they know something big is going to happen this is also a good way of using the suspense of the story to create the excitement. Conan Doyle creates a fair amount of excitement in â€Å"The Boscombe Valley Mystery†. Conan Doyle creates this excitement by using the argument between the father and son even though a father son relationship is hard to destroy. Seeing as he uses the strange argument between father and son â€Å"having a violent quarrel† this makes the reader wonder why the father and son are arguing about, this creates tension for the reader as it gives them topic to think about this creates excitement as the reader is becoming involved with the story. This is because in Victorian Britain violent quarrels between father and son would not have been common things, this is because the Victorians have been classed as the most respectable and caring people in the history of Britain and the fact that there were large families. The lead form the violent quarrel leads to further events; this creates excitement because a son would not get to a point where he could kill his father as it would be as if he was destroying himself. This excitement is where the son found his father dead, the son heard the call of â€Å"cooee† to which his son turns round to see his father dead on the floor, a she goes to his father he mentions something about â€Å"a rat† this was all that he caught of his fathers last words but he could have misheard what his father said, this sudden turn from the argument and the son walking away to the father being killed creates excitement as the reader would expect the son to have killed the father but the last words get the reader wandering about how the father died, and what is this rat. Conan Doyle creates excitement for the reader a tension build up as Holmes is about to reveal the murderer. The reader is excited as Holmes is about to unveil who committed the murder and he is doing this based purely on the last words of the old man â€Å"a rat†. There is a large amount of tension as holes is about to say who committed the murder and there is a sudden burst form Holmes who reveals that the murderer was from â€Å"Ballarat† . Ballarat is the name of an Australian gang and that the call of â€Å"cooee† was a native Australian call. This creates the element of excitement as the murderer is revealed. And the Murder was committed by â€Å"Black Jack of Ballarat†. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle creates an element of mystery in â€Å"5 orange pips† when it is revealed that 5 orange pips have been sent to Elias Openshaw who lived in Horsham. The orange pips arrived in an envelope with a foreign stamp on it, â€Å"5little dried orange pips† the reader does not know what these orange pips are about so this creates a moderate amount of excitement for the reader as they wander what these orange pips are about.

Order in the World vs. Savagery Essay

Choose a theme and explain how that theme influences the system of rules and order the boys establish when they arrive on the island, and what happens when the rules disintegrate. Order in the World vs. Savagery Among Men In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, the characters demonstrate what can happen when the fear of the unknown sets in. Giving up the familiarity of authoritative figures and domesticated surroundings can put some people, especially adolescents and children, into a state of shock. If this state of shock does not set in immediately, it is inevitable to set in with time. This novel, filled with allegorical references, is a prime example of how the cultures and values set up by people and evolving over time can be ruined by crisis, creating our main theme of Order in the World VS. Savagery Among Men. The novel starts out with our main characters, the school boys, who have been marooned on a completely deserted island. Being that these are mere children, it doesn’t take too long before everyone starts to realize that not only do they no longer have the structure of adult supervision, but they must also learn to fend for themselves. Conflicting human instincts begin to arise, and we all know that without structure in our world, instincts can be a terribly scary addition to this chaotic mix. It is quite interesting to see that even given their crisis of a situation, one of the boys still clings to his former civilized lifestyle. He still has the urge inside of him to work toward order and their pre-existing domesticated, cushy lives. Living in our sheltered world for such a very long period of time, in this case his whole life has created a barrier between him and reality. Given that he is just a boy, this is not unusual but rather expected of him. On the other hand, we have the majority of the boys, who have resorted to their primordial instincts. They start off with a sort of structure: the conch shell. This is their only form of order in their new life, a symbolic sign of civility which they have brought with them from their old lives. This was, at first, a sense of security. The conch was once used to summon everyone together as a group after their plane crash. However after Jack the leader was chosen to run the group, he became relentless, spouting demands left and right, expecting his group to agree at every whim or else. Ralph, one of the other main characters, opposed the barbaric ideas proposed by Jack, and created his own group. When Jack hears of this disruption to his overruling, he makes sure to convince everyone that they need to be on his team and that he can help them more than wimpy Ralph will be able to. When his teachings are unleashed, Roger rolls a giant boulder onto Piggy, which also crushes their conch shell. I believe that this is a symbol of the disintegration of all civility among the boys. As these rules continue to diminish, the representation of our theme becomes more and more clear. For example, Simon encounters the beast that frightens all of the boys to no end, only to find that the beast does not exist; it is imaginary. The beast, we find, is simply a symbol which lies inside of each and every person because it represents human primitive instincts. When Simon went to alert the rest of the group about the beast, the boys with their newfound savage ways of living attacked Simon immediately without any hesitation whatsoever. The boys tore his body limb from limb until there was no life left. This part of the novel is an extremely important part of the theme because the behavior of the boys is what brought this â€Å"beast† to life! In conclusion, as you are able to see, our theme of order and reason in the world versus savagery and impulse influences the system of rules (or lack thereof) throughout the entire novel. In the beginning, many clung tight to their lives of order, while the remainder of others decided right away that because there was no supervision, they needed to have a leader as soon as possible. Toward the end of our novel, as their rules began to dismantle and leadership turned to a god complex dictatorship, we are still able to see the influential theme in the story line as savagery among men takes over all order when the killing begins.

Free Essays on The Rise And Fall Of The Napoleonic Empire

The Rise and Fall of the Napoleonic Empire Napoleon was born on an island that, for most of recorded time, has been in a fight for independence with one ruling power or another, weather it be Genoa or France, no matter. Corsica, in 1769, was the birth place of Napoleon Bonaparte. Not born of noble blood, Napoleon could did not have the privilege of one day being able to attain a leadership role in the French army. This did not deter him though; he received training in French military schools, being described as arrogant and ambitious. In 1795, poor, and unknown, he arrived in Paris, and began mixing with high society, yearning to join their privileged class. At this stage in his life, the world would be changed forever. During the French revolution, Napoleon’s, along with many others’, life change forever, along with it, world history. The French Revolution opened up a military career path for him, while at the same time, leadership positions needed to be filled, due to the fact generals had defected thr oughout the military to the opposite side. He did not pass up the opportunity. In 1795, the Directory, the ruling body in Paris, asked him to put down a rebellion within the city. He did so with stunning success, and impressed many in power. This was just the beginning. Napoleon’s political career began with a simple word, publicity. During his Italian campaign of 1796, and Egyptian campaign of 1798, the goal of both being to further the wealth and influence of France while wreaking havoc for other imperialist powers of the day, he did a very smart thing, he encouraged journalists to come and write about him. The writers accepted the invitation, and publicized him throughout Paris and all of France as a hero. This was a large boost to his popularity with the public, and a huge success politically. Napoleon’s name was common place in discussions of everyone, most importantly, the masses. Throughout his campai... Free Essays on The Rise And Fall Of The Napoleonic Empire Free Essays on The Rise And Fall Of The Napoleonic Empire The Rise and Fall of the Napoleonic Empire Napoleon was born on an island that, for most of recorded time, has been in a fight for independence with one ruling power or another, weather it be Genoa or France, no matter. Corsica, in 1769, was the birth place of Napoleon Bonaparte. Not born of noble blood, Napoleon could did not have the privilege of one day being able to attain a leadership role in the French army. This did not deter him though; he received training in French military schools, being described as arrogant and ambitious. In 1795, poor, and unknown, he arrived in Paris, and began mixing with high society, yearning to join their privileged class. At this stage in his life, the world would be changed forever. During the French revolution, Napoleon’s, along with many others’, life change forever, along with it, world history. The French Revolution opened up a military career path for him, while at the same time, leadership positions needed to be filled, due to the fact generals had defected thr oughout the military to the opposite side. He did not pass up the opportunity. In 1795, the Directory, the ruling body in Paris, asked him to put down a rebellion within the city. He did so with stunning success, and impressed many in power. This was just the beginning. Napoleon’s political career began with a simple word, publicity. During his Italian campaign of 1796, and Egyptian campaign of 1798, the goal of both being to further the wealth and influence of France while wreaking havoc for other imperialist powers of the day, he did a very smart thing, he encouraged journalists to come and write about him. The writers accepted the invitation, and publicized him throughout Paris and all of France as a hero. This was a large boost to his popularity with the public, and a huge success politically. Napoleon’s name was common place in discussions of everyone, most importantly, the masses. Throughout his campai...

5 grammar skills you need to master for career success

5 grammar skills you need to master for career success No matter what field you’re in, it’s likely that any given job description calls for good communication skills. At the top of this list is making sure your writing and speaking skills are top-notch. Let’s look at some of the key grammar tips that make your conversation and resume are polished and professional. 1. Use possessives correctly.This is one of the most frequent grammatical errors. Always take a minute to make sure you’re using the they’re and you’re  contractions for they are and you are. Their and your are possessive pronouns. These mistakes are often some of the easiest to spot for a reader, and they are so common from people of all backgrounds and education levels. If this is an issue that makes you nervous, one way to avoid this is to avoid confusion by not using contractions. It’s totally fine to spell out you are.Rule of thumb: If you’re making a contraction, you should always have an apostrophe. Possessive pro nouns never have an apostrophe.2. Don’t speak in the third person.Sometimes we (royal we) like to be extra formal in resumes or job interviews, because we want to present ourselves as highly dignified professionals. Resist that urge. Don’t go too informal (keep it professional, always), but it is absolutely okay to say â€Å"I† or â€Å"me,† and make it personal.Rule of thumb: You’re presenting yourself. You don’t need to hide behind the third person just to be fancy.3. Don’t use jargon or tons of abbreviations.Jargon is extremely popular on resumes, because you want the reader to know that you understand the ins and outs of an industry. You talk the talk, so that must mean  you’re an insider, right? Not really. Instead, you run the risk of turning off readers if they don’t quite get the same terminology, or if that jargon is hyper-specific to, say, your current job. It’s always better to keep things generic. An d if you do use abbreviations to save space, make sure you spell it out on the first use in your resume, cover letter, email, etc.Rule of thumb: Simpler is better. You never know who’s reading.4. Don’t use unnecessary capitals.Like jargon or being overly formal, extra capitals can be a crutch when we want people to Know What We’re Talking About. You may think you’re providing emphasis that draws the reader’s eye and makes your writing easier to read, but it really just complicates things unnecessarily.Rule of thumb: Only legitimate proper nouns (names) should have capitals.5. Proofread everything three times.I can’t emphasize this enough. All of us are prone to little mistakes when we write. This is especially true when you’ve written, rewritten, and edited a resume or cover letter so many times that you stop seeing what’s in it because you know it so well. That’s inevitably where the little mistakes creep in. If at all possible, get a trusted reader to review something official before you turn it in. Having an extra pair of eyes can help you spot blatant spelling or grammar errors, and can also help ensure that you’re making sense to the reader.Rule of thumb: Do it. Then do it again.

Week 2 Individual Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week 2 Individual Paper - Essay Example The formulas of financial ratios combine the variables of the financial statements. For example the return of equity formula is calculated in the following manner: net income / shareholders equity. Net income is a variable that is found in the income statement, while shareholders equity is an element from the balance sheet. Two financial statements whose elements interact with each other are the income statement and the statement of retained earnings. The total net income illustrated at the bottom of the income statement is a figure that is added to the initial retained earnings balance. Another relationship of interaction among the elements of the statements is between the statement of retained earnings and the balance sheet. The ending retained earnings balance illustrated at the bottom of statement of retained earnings is the same figure that is shown in the equity section of the balance sheet. Changes in one financial statement can affect the other financial statement in certain circumstances. The net income total is used in the statement of retained earnings as a variable that is added to the initial retained earnings balance. For example if a company ended with a year-end net losses that figure would set off a chain reaction which affects other financial statements. The losses are moved to the statement of retained earnings where they are subtracted from the initial retained earnings balance. The final retained earnings balance is then transferred to the balance sheet. Not all changes to accounts in one financial statement affect the other. For instance a change in the debt total in the balance sheet does not affect the income statement in any way. It is important for business professionals to understand the relationship between the four financial statements. The statements together provide a picture of the financial health of an enterprise. A person can make an error analyzing a

Is it morally defensible for doctors to offer treatments that will Essay

Is it morally defensible for doctors to offer treatments that will enhance human capabilities (mental or physical) Discuss - Essay Example Abnormal genes will be replaced with normal and well functioning genes through homologous combination while selective reverse mutation will ensure that abnormal genes will return to the normal function (Sandel, 2007). Spindle transfer approach will ensure that the entire mitochondrion that is defective is replaced with normal mitochondria. Basically, there are two types of gene therapy that are Somatic gene therapy and Genetic gene therapy. Somatic gene therapy entails the transfer of genes in the somatic cells of the patient except the undifferentiated stem cells (Burley and Harris, 2002). On the other hand, Genetic gene therapy entails modification of the cells including the sperm cells of the patient and these genes become inheritable by the offspring of the patients thus preventing the passage of the disease to the offspring (Becker, 2000). Gene therapy has attracted intense ethical debate and controversy with the opponents asserting that it is not natural while the proponents as sert that it improves the living standards of the patient and offspring (Wartburg and Liew, 1999). According to Aristotle’ ethical theory, all the scientific technique must aim at certain good and there is absolutely one final end of all sciences. The absolute end of sciences should be happiness which all sub-ends aim at attaining (Wartburg and Liew, 1999). In this case, Aristotle ethical theory is clear that happiness entails thriving life and living well. Accordingly, happiness of patients encompasses the external goods that include wholesome children and personal beauty (Burley and Harris, 2002). According to Aristotle, gene-therapy is necessary since it leads to high standards of health care thus leading to happy patients and wholesome children (Vaughn, 2009). Accordingly, the death of a patient will cause unhappiness to the friends and close family